Indian startups file 83,000 patents in FY23; AI, neurotechnology lead


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New Delhi, (IANS): Led by artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) and neuro-technology, India witnessed 83,000 patents being filed by deep-tech startups in FY2023, marking an annual growth rate of 24.6 per cent which is highest since the last two decades, a Nasscom report showed on Friday.

The number of patents granted also witnessed significant growth, rising over 2 times between FY2019-FY2023.

This trend is expected to increase significantly with over 100K patents granted between March 15, 2023 and March 14 this year.

"The surge in patent filings within the last few years is a clear indication of India’s growing innovation prowess, particularly in areas like AI," said Debjani Ghosh, President, Nasscom.

To further enhance domestic patent activity, collaborations among key stakeholders are essential for fostering and increasing awareness of intellectual property rights, she added.

Over the past decade, the proportion of patents filed by residents (primary filers based in India) has doubled, climbing from 33.6 per cent of total filings in fiscal year 2019 to more than 50 per cent in fiscal year 2023.

"The filing of over 900 patents since 2008 by leading Indian deep-tech startups coupled with the submission of 32,000 Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications in India by other countries stood as a testament to this increasing focus," the report noted.

Amongst the top application areas, healthcare related patents primarily around medical imaging, diagnosing, report generation and testing saw the maximum applications, followed by automation/software development and retail/ecommerce.AI saw maximum patents filed in areas of image processing, NLP, and predictive modelling, while Gen AI, medical data processing and cognitive computing are the key emerging areas. Indian startups file 83,000 patents in FY23; AI, neurotechnology lead | MorungExpress | morungexpress.com
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Patent for coating that extends shelf life of fruits, vegetables

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Agartala, (IANS): The Indian Patent Office recently granted a patent to Assam based scientist Sanjib Kumar Paul who developed a health and environment friendly edible coating for prolonged shelf life of fruits and vegetables which is expected to help millions of farmers and consumers.

The patent entitled "Copper (Nanosized)-Chitosan-Menthol Edible Conglomerate Enrobe for Prolonged Shelf-Life of Climacteric Fruit" was accorded for a term of 20 years in accordance with the provisions of the Patents Act, 1970.

Paul, currently working as a scientist at the Hyderabad based central government owned Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, made the invention after studying for six years at the Department of Agricultural Engineering under the Triguna Sen School of Technology at southern Assam's Silchar based Assam University.

He said that India is the third largest producer of fruits and vegetables after China and the USA, but unfortunately due to various reasons including lack of proper marketing and preservation, 50 per cent of the climacteric fruit (those fruits and vegetables which ripen in a short span of time) gets wasted.

The 34-year-old scientist said that it was found that there are not sufficient warehouses with proper storage mechanisms and there are not sufficient fruit processing techniques at the community level leading to the wastage of enormous quantities of fruits and vegetables in the rural and semi-urban areas across the country.

According to Paul, the climacteric fruits and vegetables' respiration rate is very high and quickly deteriorates.

Fruits and vegetables being perishable crops rot due to lack of proper storage and transportation leading to huge losses.

"Considering the huge quantities of fruits and vegetables getting wasted, affecting the economy of both the farmers and the country, we started studies in 2012 to provide a lengthy shelf life to the climacteric fruits and vegetables.

"We used tomatoes as our study sample. Our target was to give at least a 30-day window in between the production and consumption," he told IANS.

Paul said: "After a long study and considering all pertinent aspects, we found that a combination of Chitosan (Polysaccharide), copper (nano-sized) and menthol could be an appropriate healthy and user friendly edible coating for at least 28 days shelf life of the fruits and vegetables."

All the ingredients of the proposed coating - Chitosan, copper and menthol are easily available everywhere, he said.

A resident of Dhubri district of western Assam, Paul, who completed his post-graduation in Food Processing Technology from Tezpur University in 2010, said that the coating of the mixture of Chitosan, copper and menthol would slow down the ripening rate of the climacteric fruits and vegetables with antimicrobial effect leading to an increase in their shelf life.

The scientist said that now the industry sectors can apply the simple newly developed technology for preserving the climacteric fruits and vegetables after taking a license from Assam University, which owns the invention.

Paul had carried out the study under the supervision of Laxmi Narayan Sethi, Sudipto Sarkar and Sujit Kumar Ghosh of Assam University.

The varsity's Internal Quality Assurance Cell Director Piyush Pandey highly appreciated the study and getting the patent from the government of India.

"Northeast region of India is mostly an agriculture based economy and a biodiversity hotspot. A huge variety of fruits and vegetables are produced both in plains and hills across the region. Proper protection of these fruits and vegetables would be beneficial for both the farmers and traders besides the consumers," said Paul.

The scientist is now doing studies on a few other aspects including how to utilise the funds under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) schemes of various public sector undertakings in research and development.

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Indian startups file 83,000 patents in FY23; AI, neurotechnology lead

New Delhi, (IANS): Led by artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) and neuro-technology, India witnessed 83,000 patents being filed by deep-tech startups in FY2023, marking an annual growth rate of 24.6 per cent which is highest since the last two decades, a Nasscom report showed on Friday.

The number of patents granted also witnessed significant growth, rising over 2 times between FY2019-FY2023.

This trend is expected to increase significantly with over 100K patents granted between March 15, 2023 and March 14 this year.

"The surge in patent filings within the last few years is a clear indication of India’s growing innovation prowess, particularly in areas like AI," said Debjani Ghosh, President, Nasscom.

To further enhance domestic patent activity, collaborations among key stakeholders are essential for fostering and increasing awareness of intellectual property rights, she added.

Over the past decade, the proportion of patents filed by residents (primary filers based in India) has doubled, climbing from 33.6 per cent of total filings in fiscal year 2019 to more than 50 per cent in fiscal year 2023.

"The filing of over 900 patents since 2008 by leading Indian deep-tech startups coupled with the submission of 32,000 Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications in India by other countries stood as a testament to this increasing focus," the report noted.

Amongst the top application areas, healthcare related patents primarily around medical imaging, diagnosing, report generation and testing saw the maximum applications, followed by automation/software development and retail/ecommerce.AI saw maximum patents filed in areas of image processing, NLP, and predictive modelling, while Gen AI, medical data processing and cognitive computing are the key emerging areas.Indian startups file 83,000 patents in FY23; AI, neurotechnology lead | MorungExpress | morungexpress.com
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Probabilities Base For Patents Declaration

Probabilities base mass combination data collectives come out of mass web media designs Link: https://www.thedailyprotein.info/p/subscribe_11.html, Can be as web design as whole or else color, Font, Contents etc. as single part patent out of whole webdesign as patent, in this kind of doing we can taken an idea to create patents as whole design as whole and create mass of the web media design by creating similar probabilities variation in up, down side or as well can select single feature of site like color and create mass of the patents in up or down ratio all such mass of the patents can be utilized at several front. and these idea is a universal idea as innovation only belongs to us. base of similar patent designs in any filed of doings. Declaration By Ashish Bordia, Image Pixabay License, Free to use under the Pixabay license, No attribution required
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Robust and Non-Invasive Way To Tap, Address and Analyze Brain Activity That Is Optimized For Future Brain-Machine Interaction

New York University (New York, NY) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, MA) scientists in U.S. Patent Application 20100106259 disclose conducting polymer nanowires and methods for their use in a brain-machine interface which is secure, robust and minimally invasive.  A vascular-based brain-machine interface comprising conducting polymer nanowires is disclosed by a inventors, Rodolfo R Llinas (New York, NY), Ian W. Hunter; (Cambridge, MA) and Bryan P. Ruddy (Somerville, MA). The brain-machine interface is based on a nanotechnology/vascular approach which they have developed. The interface has the advantage of being retrievable in that the nano-scale conducting polymer electrodes are small enough so that even with a large number of electrodes (millions), the interface can be removed without violating the integrity of the brain. The system for receiving electrical signals from a biological target using vascular-based probes, includes: a plurality of conducting polymer nanowires, each nanowire having a distal end and a proximal end, and an associated probe portion located at the distal end of each nanowire; the plurality of conducting polymer nanowires being delivered into a vascular territory to be monitored; and an electronic interface circuit in electrical communication with the plurality of conducting polymer nanowires, said electronic interface circuit comprising an interface module for interfacing the conducting polymer nanowires with a microwire located in the vicinity of the proximal ends of the conducting polymer nanowires. When considering the role of neuroscience in modern society, the issue of a brain-machine interface (e.g., between a human brain and a computer) is one of the central problems to be addressed. Indeed, the ability to design and build new information analysis and storage systems that are light enough to be easily carried, has advanced exponentially in the last few years. Ultimately, the brain-machine interface will likely become the major stumbling block to robust and rapid communication with such systems. To date, developments towards a brain-machine interface have not been as impressive as the progress in miniaturization or computational power expansion. Indeed, the limiting factor with most modern devices relates to the human interface. For instance, buttons must be large enough to manipulate and displays large enough to allow symbol recognition. Clearly, establishing a more direct relationship between the brain and such devices is desirable and will likely become increasingly important. As the need for a more direct relationship between the brain and machines becomes increasingly important, a revolution is taking place in the field of nanotechnology (n-technology). Nanotechnology deals with manufactured objects with characteristic dimensions of less than one micrometer. It is the inventors' belief that the brain-machine bottleneck will ultimately be resolved through the application of nanotechnology. The use of nanoscale electrode probes coupled with nanoscale electronics seems promising in this regard. To date, the finest electrodes have been pulled from glass. These microelectrodes have tips less than a micron in diameter and are filled with a conductive solution. They are typically used for intracellular recordings from nerve and muscle cells. A limitation is that activity is recorded from only one cell at a time. It has been possible, however, to obtain recordings from over 100 individual cells using multi-electrode arrays. Nonetheless, this is an invasive procedure as the electrodes are lowered into the brain from the surface of the skull. The fact that the nervous system parenchyma is permeated by a rich vascular bed makes this space a very attractive area for a brain-machine interface. Gas exchange and nutrient delivery to the brain mass occur in the brain across 25,000 meters of capillaries having diameters of approximately 10 microns. Moving towards the heart, the vessels increase rapidly in diameter with a final diameter of over 20 millimeters. The NYU/MIT brain interface employs conducting polymers which may be synthesized through electrochemical deposition onto a conductive electrode and manufactured into conducting polymer nanowires and microwires. The conducting polymer nanowire technology coupled with nanotechnology electronics record activity and/or stimulate the nervous system, e.g., brain or spinal cord through the vascular system. The present invention allows the nervous system to be addressed by a large number of isolated conducting polymer nano-probes that are delivered to the brain via the vascular bed through catheter technology used extensively in medicine and particularly in interventional neuroradiology. In accordance with the NYU/MIT brain interface includes a recording device comprised of a set of conducting polymer nanowires (n-wires) tethered to electronics in a catheter such that they may spread in a "bouquet" arrangement into a particular portion of the brain's vascular system. Such an arrangement can support a very large number of probes (e.g., several million). Each conducting polymer nanowire is used to record the electrical activity of a single neuron, or small group of neurons, without invading the brain parenchyma. An advantage of such a conducting polymer conducting polymer nanowire array is that its small size does not interfere with blood flow, gas or nutrient exchange and it does not disrupt brain activity. The techniques of the NYU/MIT brain interface are also applicable to the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal brain function. Such technology allows constant monitoring and functional imaging as well as direct modulation of brain activity. For instance, an advanced variation of conventional deep brain stimulation can be implemented in accordance with the present invention by introducing a conducting polymer nanowire or bouquet of nanowires to the area of the brain to be stimulated and selectively directing a current to the area by selectively deflecting the wires and creating longitudinal conductivity. With the NYU/MIT brain interface, intravascular neuronal recordings can be amplified, processed, and used to control computer interfaces or artificial prostheses. In controlling computational devices, neuronal activity becomes the user input, very much like the manipulation of devices such as keyboards and mice is today. Such input signals could also be used to control the movement of natural limbs that have been separated from their nerve supply through spinal cord or other injury. Thus while direct interface with "intelligent" devices can significantly improve the quality of life for normal individuals, it can also impact disabled individuals, allowing them to be more fully involved in everyday activities. Obtaining minimally invasive recordings from the brain can also be a useful diagnostic tool in neurology and psychiatry. It provides a functional image of activity deep within the brain that could be localized with precision when combined with MRI. The arrangement of intravascular conducting polymer nano-electrodes in accordance with the present invention can also be used for localized deep brain stimulation without the current need for opening the skull. One advantage of using intravascular conducting polymer nano-electrodes for therapeutic stimulation is that the position of the stimulating electrodes can be easily adjusted. Such adjustment is difficult with the implanted stimulating electrodes used today. FIG. 2A is an electron micrograph of a conducting polymer microwire having a 15 micron square cross-section with a total length of 20 mm. FIG. 2B is an electron micrograph of a close up image of a conducting polymer microwire having a 15 micron square cross-section with a total length of 20 mm. Source: http://www.ineffableisland.com/
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Google files patent for wearable medical device

Google has filed a patent application for a wearable medical device, able to use nanoparticles to detect and treat illnesses such as cancer.
For those wishing to protect their health and extend their lifespan, a futuristic medical device may become available in the next several years. Details of this wearable technology – known as a Nanoparticle Phoresis – have been published online by Google, via the World Intellectual Property Organisation. The patent application describes a strap, or band, mounted on the lower arm. Similar in appearance to a wristwatch, it would "automatically modify or destroy one or more targets in the blood that have an adverse health effect." This would be achieved by beaming energy into blood vessels to stimulate cells and molecules, increasing their effectiveness at fighting diseases. It could even be used on synthetic nanoparticles. Millions of these tiny objects would be introduced into the wearer's bloodstream, then activated by magnets in the wristband and directed to specific locations. In addition to its physical treatment abilities, the Nanoparticle Phoresis could generate vast amounts of data – not only helpful to the user, but also to researchers and doctors. It could accept inputs from the wearer regarding his or her health state, such as "feeling cold," "feeling tired," "pollen allergy symptoms today," "stressed," "feeling energetic," etc. According to the patent, these user inputs "may be used to complement any other physiological parameter data that the wearable device may collect and establish effective signal levels for and timing of modification of the target." Analysts forecast that wearable technology will see huge growth in the coming years, with unit sales potentially reaching into the
hundreds of millions. This new device from Google – if successfully developed – could become part of that rapidly evolving ecosystem. Initially aimed at patients who are seriously ill, this product (or its derivatives) could also be offered to mainstream consumers who aren't necessarily in bad health, but wish to monitor and improve their well-being. For those with a needle phobia, injections might be possible using high-pressure jets. Although the patent itself makes no mention of this, we can speculate that such a procedure would eventually be incorporated into a wristwatch form factor. Similar to the "hypospray" on Star Trek, these jets would ensure that the skin is not punctured. High-pressure jet injection was covered on our blog in May 2012. Looking further ahead, the prospects become even more exciting. Bill Maris – who helped form Google Calico – this month stated his belief that humans will live to be many centuries old in the future, while today's cancer treatments will seem "primitive" within just 20 years. His comments echo those of futurist and inventor Ray Kurzweil, also employed at Google and currently involved in AI research for the company. Kurzweil predicts that nanoparticles will be superseded by nanobots – small and compact enough to feature motors, sensors and other tools, allowing them to be controlled with extreme precision directly inside cells. If this idea sounds like science fiction, then consider this: a handheld smartphone today contains more processing power than a room-sized supercomputer of the 1980s. With ongoing advances in miniaturisation, together with new materials such as graphene, the future trend seems inevitable. As humans become ever more dependent on technology, our bodies will gradually begin to incorporate these and similar devices on a permanent basis. Later in the 21st century, the line between man and machine could become blurred. Source: Article
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Apple paves way for creation of 3D, interactive images from handheld devices

Apple has patented a device display that uses lasers, micro lenses and sensors to create a 3D "holographic" image as well as detecting how a user interacts with it in real time, according to Apple news feed and forum Apple Insider. The "Interactive holographic display device" would allow a 2D display panel to create a 3D, interactive image, which Apple presumably intends to deploy in devices such as iPhones and iPads. The system would generate multiple views of an on-screen object from various viewing angles with lenses deflecting laser light.  Apple Insider reports that single finger gestures would turn or move the image, while pinch gestures would change the size. Finger speed would also have an impact on turning or moving the image.  The patent was filed for in February 2011. More information... Apple Insider, Contact Details and Archive... Apple, Source: InAVate
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Apple seeking patent for interactive 3D display


Apple has filed a patent application for an Interactive 3D display system which would allow users to manipulate objects in mid-air. The system involves light being projected through a non-linear crystal, for example, which would convert the signal into a floating 3D image that users could interact with. A sensor assembly logs user input such as touches and swipes to manipulate image. According to the document filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the system would consist of four main parts, beginning with the display creating a primary 3D image. The optical system within the unit would create a secondary 3D image based upon the first one which the user would interact with. A sensor system would gather information on the user’s interaction with the secondary 3D image and the display would then update the primary image based on user interaction feedback. How far the system has been developed since the patent was filed two years ago is unclear, but it shares many features Vermeer - with a 360-degree viewable tabletop display created  by Microsoft Research in 2011. With non-interactive holographic displays are already creating a buzz in the retail sector as a new era in digital signage, the creation of an interactive model is the next logical step. Contact Details and Archive...Apple, Source: InAVate
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Apple patent paves way for projector powered mobile collaboration

Apple is looking to integrate pico projectors and gesture control tech into future iOS devices according to reports from the company’s blog, Patently Apple. The development will allow users with Apple devices to create projected shared workspaces that can be manipulated by gestures from a number of participants. The developments suggest that Apple is determined to push its already popular iPad further into the enterprise space. The company also details gesture technology that can interpret shadow and silhouette gesturing associated with presentations in darkened environments. The revelation came as the technology giant was granted a patent for an invention that “relates to electronic devices with projected displays that may be in communication with one another to form a shared workspace”. Anthony Fai is credited as the sole inventor of the granted patent which was originally filed in the first quarter of 2010 and published this month by the US Patent and Trademark Office. Source: InAVate
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Apple patent paves way for projector powered mobile collaboration

Apple is looking to integrate pico projectors and gesture control tech into future iOS devices according to reports from the company’s blog, Patently Apple. The development will allow users with Apple devices to create projected shared workspaces that can be manipulated by gestures from a number of participants. The developments suggest that Apple is determined to push its already popular iPad further into the enterprise space. The company also details gesture technology that can interpret shadow and silhouette gesturing associated with presentations in darkened environments. The revelation came as the technology giant was granted a patent for an invention that “relates to electronic devices with projected displays that may be in communication with one another to form a shared workspace”. Anthony Fai is credited as the sole inventor of the granted patent which was originally filed in the first quarter of 2010 and published this month by the US Patent and Trademark Office. Source: InAVate
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Scientists change the colour of gold

Gold colour
In a breakthrough, scientists have for the first time found a way to change the colour of the world's most iconic precious metal – gold. Researchers from the University of Southampton have discovered that by embossing tiny raised or indented patterns onto the metal's surface, they can change the way it absorbs and reflects light - ensuring our eyes don't see it as 'golden' in colour at all. Equally applicable to other metals such as silver and aluminium, this breakthrough opens up the prospect of colouring metals without having to coat or chemically treat them. This could deliver valuable economic, environmental and other benefits. The technique could be harnessed in a wide range of industries for anything from manufacturing jewellery to making banknotes and documents harder to forge. "This is the first time the visible colour of metal has been changed in this way," said Professor Nikolay Zheludev, Deputy Director of Southampton's Optoelectronics Research Centre, who led the project. "The colours of the objects we see all around us are determined by the way light interacts with those objects. For instance, an object that reflects red light but absorbs other wavelengths will appear red to the human eye," Zheludev said in a statement. "This is the fundamental principle we have exploited in this project. By embossing metals with patterns only around 100 nanometres across, we've found that we can control which wavelengths of light the metal absorbs and which it reflects," Zheludev added. The precise shape and height or depth of the patterns determine exactly how light behaves when it strikes the metal and therefore what colour is created. The technique can be used to produce a wide range of colours on a given metal. A silver ring, for example, could be decorated with a number of different patterns, making one part of it appear red, another part green and so on; metal features with sophisticated optical properties that would be almost impossible to imitate could be incorporated into documents as security features. The nano-patterning is carried out at the research level using well-established techniques such as ion beam milling, which may be envisaged as sand-blasting on the atomic scale. However, the concept may be scaled for industrial production using such processes as nano-imprint, whereby large areas are stamped out from a master template in a manner comparable to CD/DVD production. "We've filed a patent application to cover our work and we're currently talking to a number of organisations about taking our breakthrough towards commercialisation," Zheludev said. The study was published in the journals Optics Express and the Journal of Optics. Source: Indian Express
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Energy-dense biofuel from cellulose close to being economical


A new Purdue University-developed process for creating biofuels has shown potential to be cost-effective for production scale, opening the door for moving beyond the laboratory setting. A Purdue economic analysis shows that the cost of the thermo-chemical H2Bioil method is competitive when crude oil is about $100 per barrel when using certain energy methods to create hydrogen needed for the process. If a federal carbon tax were implemented, the biofuel would become even more economical. H2Bioil is created when biomass, such as switchgrass or corn stover, is heated rapidly to about 500 degrees Celcius in the presence of pressurized hydrogen. Resulting gases are passed over catalysts, causing reactions that separate oxygen from carbon molecules, making the carbon molecules high in energy content, similar to gasoline molecules. The conversion process was created in the lab of Rakesh Agrawal, Purdue's Winthrop E. Stone Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering. He said H2Bioil has significant advantages over traditional standalone methods used to create fuels from biomass. "The process is quite fast and converts entire biomass to liquid fuel," Agrawal said. "As a result, the yields are substantially higher. Once the process is fully developed, due to the use of external hydrogen, the yield is expected to be two to three times that of the current competing technologies." The economic analysis, published in the June issue of Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, shows that the energy source used to create hydrogen for the process makes all the difference when determining whether the biofuel is cost-effective. Hydrogen processed using natural gas or coal makes the H2Bioil cost-effective when crude oil is just over $100 per barrel. But hydrogen derived from other, more expensive, energy sources - nuclear, wind or solar - drive up the break-even point. "We're in the ballpark," said Wally Tyner, Purdue's James and Lois Ackerman Professor of Agricultural Economics. "In the past, I have said that for biofuels to be competitive, crude prices would need to be at about $120 per barrel. This process looks like it could be competitive when crude is even a little cheaper than that." Agrawal said he and colleagues Fabio Ribeiro, a Purdue professor of chemical engineering, and Nick Delgass, Purdue's Maxine Spencer Nichols Professor of Chemical Engineering, are working to develop catalysts needed for the H2Bioil conversion processes. The method's initial implementation has worked on a laboratory scale and is being refined so it would become effective on a commercial scale. "This economic analysis shows us that the process is viable on a commercial scale," Agrawal said. "We can now go back to the lab and focus on refining and improving the process with confidence." The model Tyner used assumed that corn stover, switchgrass and miscanthus would be the primary feedstocks. The analysis also found that if a federal carbon tax were introduced, driving up the cost of coal and natural gas, more expensive methods for producing hydrogen would become competitive. "If we had a carbon tax in the future, the break-even prices would be competitive even for nuclear," Tyner said. "Wind and solar, not yet, but maybe down the road." The US Department of Energy and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research funded the research. Agrawal and his collaborators received a US patent for the conversion process.Source:  Renewable Energy Magazine
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PharmaKing Co. Ltd, makes a miracle for patients with hepatitis


 

                                            Nissel                                                                                   Pennel Capsule    
As the number of patients with diseases is constantly growing, there have been lots of medicines coming out to cure diseases. As demand for medicines has kept rising, many medical businesses have found themselves sitting on a pile of money. Among them is PharmaKing Co., Ltd. which has grown into one of the leading biotechnology ventures. Since it was established in 1975 under the name of ‘Taerim Industry’, PharmaKing Co., Ltd. has developed medicines to cure patients with hepatitis. The miraculous medicines produced by PharmaKing give hope and dream to patients suffering from diseases all around the world. The company has been investing more than 20% of its total revenue in R&D for the development of competitive medicines. As a result, the first hepatitis medicine in Korea named ‘Nissel’ came out to the market in July, 1990. The effectiveness of the newly discovered medicine took many people by surprise within and outside the nation. Nissel is a very effective solution for hepatitis followed by the increased number of transaminase caused by chronic hepatitis with the continuously increased number of SGPT or by drugs. PharmaKing Co., Ltd. made its name when it earned a patent for its dedication to the discovery of the first hepatitis medicine. Then it went on to launch another breakthrough named ‘Pennel capsule’ in Feb. 1998, which has become the most popular drug against hepatitis in Korea. Pennel capsule is a combined product of fbiphenyl dimethyl and Garlic oil. Biphynyl dimethyl dicarboxylate has been found to be effective in liver function and symptoms of patients with chronic viral hepatitis. The superiority of PharmaKing Co., Ltd has been widely recognized in numerous Southeast Asian countries including Vietnam. It has grown enough to export ‘Pennel capsule’ to Egypt. The company has come a long way, but it will never stop looking for a new miracle for patients. For more information, please visit www.pharmaking.co.kr, PharmaKing has been selected as the KOTRA Global Brand since 2012.Source: Korea Times
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Russia develops revolutionary treatment for burns

© Photo: «Vesti.Ru»
Russian scientists have developed revolutionary treatment for burns. Experts at the State University in Saratov have invented a unique material based on chitosan which quickly restores the skin after exposure to high temperatures. The innovative product is a bio-polymer fibre, which has been artificially developed using chitosan that is contained in the shells of crustaceans. The unique properties of this substance have long been known to scientists. However, attempts to make a dressing material on its basis have ended in failure until recently. The advantage of this material is unlike an ordinary bandage, it reduces time needed to treat burns by three times and leaves no scars. The nano-bandage soaks up all liquid that discharges during the healing of an injury. There is no need to replace or remove it. It reabsorbs itself. Moreover, this is an excellent antiseptic that destroys microbes in the wound, says chief medical officer at the Saratov Burn Centre Professor Nikolai Octrovsky. “The dressing treats, stimulates, lies on the tissues without adhering. There is no need to replace it and consequently, the patient does not feel any pain caused by the removal of scabs when using ordinary dressing material. This is a new dressing material with unique properties. It is like a cover of seedlings. This greenhouse should preserve heat, light should penetrate into it and the temperature inside should be stable. The dressing material plays a similar role that helps to restore the skin when a wound is bandaged,” Nikolai Ostrovsky said. According to the expert, the substance has been patented and has undergone clinical tests. Its mass production will be launched shortly. The new material aroused great interest among physicians not only in Russia but also abroad. The U.S. has already made offers, while a leading company that produces plasters in Europe, French URGO Company, is holding talks on the production of this material in France. In this case, this will be an international brand,” Nikolai Ostrovsky said. Source: Voice of Russia
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Apple “iWatch” Arriving In 2013

Apple’s stock has recently fallen by almost 30%, down from an all-time high of $703 in late 2012. Despite recording phenomenal earnings, Apple investors are becoming sceptical of Apple’s future plans. Apple is losing their gross margin on the products they sell as components become more expensive and competitors in the industry push Apple to lower their prices. A new report has outlined Apple’s plans to introduce a smart watch in 2013 which would help reintroduce high margins into Apple’s product categories, thus satisfying investors. Oliver Chen, an analyst for Citigroup, has told reuters that Apple has a “$6 billion opportunity” where they could recreate the success of the iPod; reinvent a market that already exists and make it desirable to the general public. In 2013, the entire watch industry is expected to generate $60 billion, which would enable Apple to catch 10%, equivalent to a gross profit of $3.6 billion. Margins on watches are also much higher, with some manufactures getting up to 60%; the iPhone currently nets Apple a 55% margin. Apple is reported to have a 100-person team working on their
“iWatch”, which may replace some of the tasks making currently carried out by the iPhone and iPad. Also Apple is considering the ability for the smart watch to place calls, identify the person an incoming call, check map coordinates as well as act as a pedometer and heart-rate monitor. As of right now, Apple has filed almost 80 patents which include the word “wrist”, one of which includes a flexible screen and a battery charged by kinetic energy. Google is currently developing Glass, which will features a small built-in screen which will be viewable in the right eye of the user. However, Glass does not include a 3G radio, effectively chaining it to a smartphone. If Apple included such a radio in their smart watch, they could open up a new brand of “smart” accessory. Jony Ive, Apple’s lead designer, has an interest in watch. Not only has he owned many high-end brands himself, he also took his team to a Nike factory for a tour. Google Glass will be unveiled at the end of 2013/early 2014, while Apple’s inside source is adamant that Apple’s smart watch will be available during 2013, possibly at Apple’s main WWDC event in June. Another problem Apple faces in regards to a watch is design. People are happy to carry around the same smartphone as everyone else, but a watch is even more of a fashion statement. Apple’s one-size-fits-all mentality may not work in the watch industry where consumers may want different types of straps or different materials. Apple may be forced to offer various models, something they do not like doing. Source: Know Your Destiny
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2 Russian, 1 UK scientist win Global Energy Prize

© Collage 'The Voice of Russia'
On Friday, the names of this year’s winners of the Global Energy Prize were announced in Moscow. They are Russian scientists Boris Katorgin and Valery Kostyuk and UK scientist Rodney John Allam. The awarding ceremony will take place in St. Petersburg, as a part of an international economic forum, which is traditionally held in this city. The amount of the prize, if translated into dollars, is more than $ 360,000. This year, the Global Energy Prize marks 10 years since its foundation. It is an international prize awarded for discoveries and inventions which help to save energy and are at the same time harmless to the environment. Since 2003, scientists from Russia, the US, Germany, France, Japan, the UK, Iceland, Canada and Ukraine have become winners of this prize. This year, all the three winners of the prize are awarded for inventions which have to do with space. Boris Katorgin and Valery Kostyk are awarded for inventing new types of space rocket engines, and Rodney John Allam – for inventing new kinds of rocket fuel. The time when scientific discoveries and inventions were made by individuals has long passed away. Moreover, today, discoveries and inventions, as a rule, appear not as a result of work of one scientific institution, or even several institutions in one country, but as a result of scientists’ international cooperation – and all the three winners acknowledge this. Rodney John Allam says that he would not have made his inventions without cooperation with the Institute of Thermal Physics in the Russian city of Novosibirsk. In an interview with the Voice of Russia, another winner, Boris Katorgin, said: “In fact, I don’t know why the jury chose me personally – I believe that the whole staff of the Energomash company, for which I work, deserves this prize. Our company has been producing engines for rockets and other flying devices for a long time, and they have proved themselves very well.” At present, engines made by Energomash are used not only on Russian space devices, but on some US ones as well. Mr. Katorgin says that his company has already registered 13 patents in the US. Very soon, the Energomash engines will be used in a number of other countries – contracts to that end have already been signed. According to estimates, these contracts may bring an income of about $ 1 bln to Russia. Source: Voice of Russia
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Smartphone airbags could make 'cracked screens' a thing of the past

London, December 17 (ANI): It can cost you a lot if your mobilephone screen cracks after you accidentally dropped it, but help is at hand. Amazon has invented an airbag for smartphones. The innovative technology makes use of the motion-sensors that are now built into most smartphones to detect when it has entered an airborne state, so that a mini-airbag can be deployed to cushion its fall. Amazon has won a patent for the protective system this week. As well as mobile phones, the technology could be used on electronic readers, including the online retailer's own Kindle, as well as computer tablets and cameras. Amazon's founder, Jeff Bezos, filed the application for a patent himself. The application reads "Prior to impact between a surface and a device, a determination of a risk of damage to the device is made. If the risk of damage to the device exceeds a threshold, a protection system is activated to reduce or eliminate damage to the device." The airbag would draw on data from a mobile phone's built-in gyroscope, camera, accelerometers and other such sensors, according to the patent. Then, if it is determined that the gadget has been dropped, the technology will trigger the release of airbags and could even include air-jets to change its trajectory in mid-air. (ANI). Source: NewsTrackIndia, Image: flickr.com
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Bionic eye good to go:artificial retina receives FDA approval

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted market approval to an artificial retina technology today, the first bionic eye to be approved for patients in the United States. The prosthetic technology was developed in part with support from the National Science Foundation (NSF). The device, called the Argus® II Retinal Prosthesis System, transmits images from a small, eye-glass-mounted camera wirelessly to a microelectrode array implanted on a patient's damaged retina. The array sends electrical signals via the optic nerve, and the brain interprets a visual image. While the Argus II is a major breakthrough in retinal  prosthetics, researchers are continuing their research. This third-generation retina chip, itself still very early in the development stage, contains 1,000 electrodes and was developed by Wentai Liu, a professor of bioengineering at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science and his colleagues. Early engineering done by Liu and his team was licensed to Second Sight
for the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis  System. The FDA approval currently applies to individuals who have lost sight as a result of severe to profoundretinitis pigmentosa (RP), an ailment that affects one in every 4,000 Americans. The implant allows some individuals with RP, who are completely blind, to locate objects, detect movement, improve orientation and mobility skills and discern shapes such as large letters.The Argus II is manufactured by, and will be distributed by, Second Sight Medical Products of Sylmar, Calif., which is part of the team of scientists and engineers from the university, federal and private
Credit: Wentai Liu, UCLA
sectors who spent nearly two decades developing the  system with public and private investment. "Seeing my grandmother go blind motivated me to pursue ophthalmology and biomedical engineering to develop a treatment for patients for whom there was no foreseeable cure," says the technology's co-developer, Mark Humayun, associate director of research at the Doheny Eye Institute at the University of Southern California and director of the NSF Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic MicroElectronic Systems(BMES). "It was an interdisciplinary approach grounded in biomedical engineering that has allowed us to develop the Argus II, making it the first commercially approved retinal implant in the world to
 restore sight to some blind patients," Humayun adds. The effort by Humayun and his colleagues has received early and continuing support from NSF, the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Energy, with grants totaling more than $100 million. The private sector's support nearly matched that of the federal government. "The retinal implant exemplifies how NSF grants for high-risk, fundamental research can directly result in ground-breaking technologies decades later," said Acting NSF Assistant Director for Engineering Kesh Narayanan. "In collaboration with the Second Sight team and the courageous patients who volunteered to have experimental surgery to implant the first-generation devices, the researchers of NSF's Biomimetic MicroElectronic Systems Engineering Research Center are developing technologies that may ultimately have as profound an impact on blindness as the cochlear implant has had for hearing loss." Although some treatments to slow the progression of degenerative diseases of the retina are available, no treatment has existed that could replace the function of lost photoreceptors in the eye. The researchers began their retinal prosthesis research in the late 1980s to address that need, and in 1994 Humayun received his first NSF grant, an NSF Young Investigator Award, which built upon additional support from the Whittaker Foundation. Humayun used the funding to develop the first conceptualization of the Argus II's underlying artificial retina technology. Since that time, he and his collaborators--including Wentai Liu of the University of California, Los Angeles and fellow USC researchers Jim Weiland and Eugene de Juan, Jr.--received six additional NSF grants, totaling $40 million, some of which was part of NSF's funding for BMES, launched in 2003. BMES drives research into a range of sophisticated prosthetic technologies to treat blindness, paralysis and other conditions. "We were encouraged by the team's exploratory work in the 1980s and 1990s, supported by NSF and others, which revealed that healthy neural pathways can carry information to the brain, even though other parts of the eye are damaged," adds Narayanan. "The retinal prosthesis they developed from that work simulates the most complex part of the eye. Based on the promise of that implant, we decided in 2003 to entrust the research team with an NSF Engineering Research Center," says Narayanan. "The center was to scale up technology development and increase device sensitivity and biocompatibility, while simultaneously preparing students for the workforce and building partnerships to speed the technology to the marketplace, where it could make a difference in people's lives. The center has succeeded with all of those goals." The researchers' efforts have bridged cellular biology--necessary for understanding how to stimulate the retinal ganglion cells without permanent damage--with microelectronics, which led to the miniaturized, low-power integrated chip for performing signal conversion, conditioning and stimulation functions. The hardware was paired with software processing and tuning algorithms that convert visual imagery to stimulation signals, and the entire system had to be incorporated within hermetically sealed packaging that allowed the electronics to operate in the vitreous fluid of the eye indefinitely. Finally, the research team had to develop new surgical techniques in order to integrate the device with the body, ensuring accurate placement of the stimulation electrodes on the retina. "The artificial retina is a great engineering challenge under the interdisciplinary constraint of biology, enabling technology, regulatory compliance, as well as sophisticated design science," adds Liu. "The artificial retina provides an interface between biotic and abiotic systems. Its unique design characteristics rely on system-level optimization, rather than the more common practice of component optimization, to achieve miniaturization and integration. Using the most advanced semiconductor technology, the engine for the artificial retina is a 'system on a chip' of mixed voltages and mixed analog-digital design, which provides self-contained power and data management and other functionality. This design for the artificial retina facilitates both surgical procedures and regulatory compliance." The Argus II design consists of an external video camera system matched to the implanted retinal stimulator, which contains a microelectrode array that spans 20 degrees of visual field. The NSF BMES ERC has developed a prototype system with an array of more than 15 times as many electrodes and an ultra-miniature video camera that can be implanted in the eye. However, this prototype is many years away from being available for patient use. "The external camera system-built into a pair of glasses-streams video to a belt-worn computer, which converts the video into stimulus commands for the implant," says Weiland. "The belt-worn computer encodes the commands into a wireless signal that is transmitted to the implant, which has the necessary electronics to receive and decode both wireless power and data. Based on those data, the implant stimulates the retina with small electrical pulses. The electronics are hermetically packaged and the electrical stimulus is delivered to the retina via a microelectrode array." In 1998, Robert Greenberg founded Second Sight to develop the technology for the marketplace. While under development, the Argus I and Argus II systems have won wide recognition, including a 2010 Popular Mechanics Breakthrough Award and a 2009 R&D 100 Award, but it is only with FDA approval that the technology can now be made available to patients. "An artificial retina can offer hope to those with retinitis pigmentosa, as it may help them achieve a level of visual perception that enhances their quality of life, enabling them to perform functions of daily living more easily and the chance to enjoy simple pleasures we may take for granted," says Narayanan. "Such success is the result of fundamental studies in several fields, technology improvements based on those results and feedback from clinical trials--all enabled by sustained public and private investment from entities like NSF."  Contacts and sources: National Science Foundation, Source: Nano Patents And Innovation
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Now, flying tricycle to soar above rush-hour traffic

A man from Aurora, Texas, has built a revolutionary vehicle that allows him to take off into the sky and cruise over miles of traffic jams. The motor-tricycle - called the super sky cycle - has a 582cc engine and a three-blade 68-inch propeller, the Daily Mail reported. The vehicle can fly at 35mph, land in 20ft of space and has a top land speed of 65 mph. It has a 5 hour flight time without refueling and requires a pilot's license to fly. Larry Neal, of The Butterfly Aircraft LLC, has just been awarded a US Patent to build the vehicle on a large scale and sell it to the general public. The project has been in development for many years but hit a stumbling block as Neal could not figure out what to do with the propellers once the vehicle landed, the report said. However, Neal overcame the problem by making them foldable - allowing the vehicle to be driven on regular roads, it added. (ANI), Source: News Track India
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A Tool To Decode Baby Talk

Credit: Lancaster University
First ever UK based language tool to decode baby talk A tool which could radically improve the diagnosis of language delays in infants in the UK is being developed by psychologists. A £358,000 grant to develop the first standardized UK speech and language development tool means that for the first time, researchers will be able to establish language development norms for UK children aged eight months to 18 months. The tool will plug an important gap which has left UK researchers, education and health professionals at a disadvantage. Until now, UK language experts have been forced to rely upon more complicated methods of testing child language development, or on methods designed for American English speakers which can lead to UK babies being misdiagnosed as being delayed in language development. The two-and-a-half year project funded by the ESRC will also look into the impact of family income and education on UK children’s language development, as well as examining differences between children learning UK English, and other languages and English dialects. The project is expected to make a major contribution to language development research as well as to the effectiveness of speech and language therapy and improved policy making. Researchers are keen to hear from parents with children under 18 months to take part in the study. They are also particularly interested in hearing from English dialect speakers such as families from Scotland and Northern Ireland, and from parents who left school early. The research team
Credit: Lancaster University
is led by Dr Katie Alcock of Lancaster University’s Centre for Research in Human Development and Learning, who will be working alongside fellow language development specialists Professor Caroline Rowland of the University of Liverpool and Dr Kerstin Meints of the University of Lincoln. They will develop a UK Communicative Development Inventory (UK-CDI) which will consist of a checklist of a wide variety of children’s communication abilities in using and understanding speech and gesture, which can be quickly and easily filled in by parents. Once the tool is developed researchers will use it to carry out large scale studies of babies and toddlers in the UK. This wealth of new UK-specific data will enable parents and professionals to pick up on problems more easily by comparing a child’s progress against national averages. Dr Alcock said: “When we study children’s language development, it is crucial to know what a ‘typical’ child can do, in order to ensure that teachers, doctors, speech and language therapists, and policy makers are properly informed. “Parents are the very best people to tell us what their child can do and say – they know the most about their child. “Most language milestones occur in the first few years of life, so it is vital that we find out what these typical levels are for very young children. However, this is extremely difficult because most language tests cannot be used with very young children. “Effective tools have been developed abroad but they are not appropriate for UK English speakers. Tools developed in the US, for example, have been shown to give inaccurate results for UK children. One research group for example found that using US scores with UK children would lead to high numbers of UK children being misdiagnosed as language delayed”. “When complete, this new research will directly improve the UK research on child speech and language development and make a substantial contribution to the wellbeing of children and families in the UK.” Contacts and sources: Lancaster University, Source: Nano Patents And Innovations
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